C# 我先把Excel中的数据导入到Dataset中，然后利...-oledb excel导入,excel怎么导入数据

1.本文实现在c#中可高效的将excel数据导入到sqlserver数据库中,很多人通7a64e59b9ee7ad94333过循环来拼接sql，这样做不但容易出错而且效率低下，最好的办法是使用bcp，也就是System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy 类来实现。不但速度快，而且代码简单，下面测试代码导入一个6万多条数据的sheet，包括读取（全部读取比较慢）在我的开发环境中只需要10秒左右，而真正的导入过程只需要4.5秒。
2.代码如下：
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data.OleDb;
namespace WindowsApplication2
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}

private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//测试，将excel中的sheet1导入到sqlserver中
string connString = "server=localhost;uid=sa;pwd=sqlgis;database=master";
System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog fd = new OpenFileDialog();
if (fd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
{
TransferData(fd.FileName, "sheet1", connString);
}
}

public void TransferData(string excelFile, string sheetName, string connectionString)
{
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
try
{
//获取全部数据
string strConn = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" + "Data Source=" + excelFile + ";" + "Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;";
OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(strConn);
conn.Open();
string strExcel = "";
OleDbDataAdapter myCommand = null;
strExcel = string.Format("select * from [{0}$]", sheetName);
myCommand = new OleDbDataAdapter(strExcel, strConn);
myCommand.Fill(ds, sheetName);

//如果目标表不存在则创建
string strSql = string.Format("if object_id('{0}') is null create table {0}(", sheetName);
foreach (System.Data.DataColumn c in ds.Tables[0].Columns)
{
strSql += string.Format("[{0}] varchar(255),", c.ColumnName);
}
strSql = strSql.Trim(',') + ")";

using (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection sqlconn = new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection(connectionString))
{
sqlconn.Open();
System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand command = sqlconn.CreateCommand();
command.CommandText = strSql;
command.ExecuteNonQuery();
sqlconn.Close();
}
//用bcp导入数据
using (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy bcp = new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy(connectionString))
{
bcp.SqlRowsCopied += new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlRowsCopiedEventHandler(bcp_SqlRowsCopied);
bcp.BatchSize = 100;//每次传输的行数
bcp.NotifyAfter = 100;//进度提示的行数
bcp.DestinationTableName = sheetName;//目标表
bcp.WriteToServer(ds.Tables[0]);
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
}
}

//进度显示
void bcp_SqlRowsCopied(object sender, System.Data.SqlClient.SqlRowsCopiedEventArgs e)
{
this.Text = e.RowsCopied.ToString();
this.Update();
}
}
}
3.上面的TransferData基本可以直接使用，如果要考虑周全的话，可以用oledb来获取excel的表结构，并且加入ColumnMappings来设置对照字段，这样效果就完全可以做到和sqlserver的dts相同的效果了。

1、方法一：采用OleDB读取EXCEL文件：
把EXCEL文件当做一个数据源来进行数据的读取操作，实例如下：

public DataSet ExcelToDS(string Path)
{
string
strConn = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" +"Data Source="+ Path
+";"+"Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;";
OleDbConnection conn = new
OleDbConnection(strConn);
conn.Open();
string strExcel =
"";
OleDbDataAdapter myCommand = null;
DataSet ds =
null;
strExcel="select * from [sheet1$]";
myCommand = new
OleDbDataAdapter(strExcel, strConn);
ds = new
DataSet();
myCommand.Fill(ds,"table1");
return
ds;
}

对于EXCEL中的表即sheet([sheet1$])如果不是固定的可以使用下面的方法得到

string strConn = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;"
+"Data Source="+ Path +";"+"Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;";
OleDbConnection
conn = new OleDbConnection(strConn);
DataTable schemaTable =
objConn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(System.Data.OleDb.OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables,null);
string
tableName=schemaTable.Rows[0][2].ToString().Trim();

另外：也可进行写入EXCEL文件，实例如下：

public void DSToExcel(string Path,DataSet
oldds)
{
//先得到汇总EXCEL的DataSet 主要目的是获得EXCEL在DataSet中的结构
string strCon =
" Provider = Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0 ; Data Source ="+path1+";Extended
Properties=Excel 8.0" ;
OleDbConnection myConn = new OleDbConnection(strCon)
;
string strCom="select * from [Sheet1$]";
myConn.Open ( ) ;

OleDbDataAdapter myCommand = new OleDbDataAdapter (
strCom, myConn ) ;
ystem.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommandBuilder builder=new
OleDbCommandBuilder(myCommand);

//QuotePrefix和QuoteSuffix主要是对builder生成InsertComment命令时使用。
builder.QuotePrefix="[";
//获取insert语句中保留字符（起始位置）
builder.QuoteSuffix="]";
//获取insert语句中保留字符（结束位置）
DataSet newds=new DataSet();
myCommand.Fill(newds
,"Table1") ;

for(int
i=0;i<oldds.Tables[0].Rows.Count;i++)
{
//在这里不能使用ImportRow方法将一行导入到news中，因为ImportRow将保留原来DataRow的所有设置(DataRowState状态不变)。

在使用ImportRow后newds内有值，但不能更新到Excel中因为所有导入行的DataRowState!e799bee5baa6e58685e5aeb9338=Added
DataRow
nrow=aDataSet.Tables["Table1"].NewRow();
for(int
j=0;j<newds.Tables[0].Columns.Count;j++)
{

nrow[j]=oldds.Tables[0].Rows[i][j];
}
newds.Tables["Table1"].Rows.Add(nrow);
}
myCommand.Update(newds,"Table1");
myConn.Close();
}
2、方法二：引用的com组件：Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.dll
读取EXCEL文件
首先是Excel.dll的获取,将Office安装目录下的Excel.exe文件Copy到DotNet的bin目录下,cmd到该目录下,运行
TlbImp EXCEL.EXE Excel.dll 得到Dll文件。 点击此处下载此文件：/Files/songliang/DLL文件.rar

再在项目中添加引用该dll文件.
//读取EXCEL的方法
(用范围区域读取数据)
private void OpenExcel(string
strFileName)

{
object missing =
System.Reflection.Missing.Value;

Application excel = new Application();//lauch excel
application
if (excel ==
null)

{

Response.Write("<script>alert('Can't access
excel')</script>");

}

else

{

excel.Visible = false; excel.UserControl =
true;
//
以只读的形式打开EXCEL文件

Workbook wb = excel.Application.Workbooks.Open(strFileName, missing, true,
missing, missing,
missing,

missing, missing, missing, true, missing, missing, missing, missing,
missing);

//取得第一个工作薄

Worksheet ws = (Worksheet)wb.Worksheets.get_Item(1);

//取得总记录行数
(包括标题列)

int rowsint = ws.UsedRange.Cells.Rows.Count;
//得到行数

//int columnsint = mySheet.UsedRange.Cells.Columns.Count;//得到列数

//取得数据范围区域
(不包括标题列)

Range rng1 = ws.Cells.get_Range("B2", "B" + rowsint);
//item

Range rng2 = ws.Cells.get_Range("K2", "K" + rowsint);
//Customer

object[,] arryItem= (object[,])rng1.Value2; //get range's
value

object[,] arryCus =
(object[,])rng2.Value2;

//将新值赋给一个数组

string[,] arry = new string[rowsint-1,
2];
for
(int i = 1; i <= rowsint-1;
i++)

{

//Item_Code列

arry[i - 1, 0] =arryItem[i,
1].ToString();

//Customer_Name列

arry[i - 1, 1] = arryCus[i,
1].ToString();

}

Response.Write(arry[0, 0] + " / " + arry[0, 1] + "#" + arry[rowsint - 2, 0] + "
/ " + arry[rowsint - 2, 1]);

}
excel.Quit(); excel =
null;
Process[] procs =
Process.GetProcessesByName("excel");

foreach
(Process pro in procs)

{

pro.Kill();//没有更好的方法,只有杀掉进程

}

GC.Collect();
}
3、方法三：将EXCEL文件转化成CSV（逗号分隔）的文件，用文件流读取(等价就是读取一个txt文本文件)。

先引用命名空间:
using System.Text;和using System.IO;

FileStream fs = new FileStream("d:\\Customer.csv", FileMode.Open,
FileAccess.Read,
FileShare.None);

StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(fs,
System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(936));

string str = "";

string s =
Console.ReadLine();

while (str !=
null)

{ str =
sr.ReadLine();

string[] xu = new
String[2];

xu =
str.Split(',');

string ser =
xu[0];

string dse =
xu[1];
if (ser ==
s)

{
Console.WriteLine(dse);break;

}
}
sr.Close();

另外也可以将数据库数据导入到一个txt文件，实例如下：

//txt文件名

string fn = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddHHmmss") + "-" + "PO014" +
".txt";

OleDbConnection con = new
OleDbConnection(conStr);

con.Open();
string sql = "select
ITEM,REQD_DATE,QTY,PUR_FLG,PO_NUM from
TSD_PO014";

//OleDbCommand mycom = new OleDbCommand("select * from TSD_PO014",
mycon);
//OleDbDataReader myreader
= mycom.ExecuteReader();
//也可以用Reader读取数据
DataSet ds = new
DataSet();
OleDbDataAdapter oda =
new OleDbDataAdapter(sql, con);

oda.Fill(ds, "PO014");
DataTable
dt = ds.Tables[0];

FileStream fs
= new FileStream(Server.MapPath("download/" + fn), FileMode.Create,
FileAccess.ReadWrite);

StreamWriter strmWriter = new StreamWriter(fs);
//存入到文本文件中

//把标题写入.txt文件中
//for (int i = 0; i
<dt.Columns.Count;i++)

//{
//
strmWriter.Write(dt.Columns[i].ColumnName + "
");

//}

foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows)

{
string
str0, str1, str2,
str3;

string str = "|";
//数据用"|"分隔开

str0 =
dr[0].ToString();

str1 =
dr[1].ToString();

str2 =
dr[2].ToString();

str3 =
dr[3].ToString();

str4 =
dr[4].ToString().Trim();

strmWriter.Write(str0);

strmWriter.Write(str);

strmWriter.Write(str1);

strmWriter.Write(str);

strmWriter.Write(str2);

strmWriter.Write(str);

strmWriter.Write(str3);

strmWriter.WriteLine(); //换行

}

strmWriter.Flush();

strmWriter.Close();
if (con.State
== ConnectionState.Open)

{

con.Close();
}
C#导入Excel中的数据，可以编写个引用，程序如下：
openFileDialog1.Filter = "Execl files (*.xls)|*.xls";
openFileDialog1.FilterIndex = 0;
openFileDialog1.RestoreDirectory = true;
openFileDialog1.Title = "导入文件保存路径";
openFileDialog1.FileName = null;
openFileDialog1.ShowDialog();
string FileName = openFileDialog1.FileName;
if (FileName != "")
{
String connStr = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + FileName + "; Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;";
String sql = "SELECT * FROM [Sheet1$]"; OleDbDataAdapter da = new OleDbDataAdapter(sql, connStr);
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
da.Fill(ds);
foreach (DataRow dr in ds.Tables[0].Rows)
{

string[] total = dr[0].ToString().Split('-');
string server = total[0];
string ah = total[1].Substring(0, 1);
string strSql = "select * from JMFServername_list where Servername_realm=@e69da5e6ba907a686964616f337server and AH=@ah";
SqlConnection sqlconn = new SqlConnection(strsql);
sqlconn.Open();
SqlCommand sqlcmd = new SqlCommand(strSql, sqlconn);
sqlcmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@server", server);
sqlcmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@ah", ah);
SqlDataReader dtr = sqlcmd.ExecuteReader();
if (dtr.Read())
{
continue;
}
string sqlQuery = "insert into JMFServername_list(Servername_realm,AH)values(@server,@AH)"; sqlcmd = new SqlCommand(sqlQuery, sqlconn);
sqlcmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@server",server);
sqlcmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@AH", ah);
sqlcmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
}

myDGV.DataSource = ds.Tables[0];
}

把try catch去掉再运行看哪里有错吧。