在C#中如何实现用代码将excel导入到sql数据库中

1.本文实现在e799bee5baa6e79fa5e98193e78988e69d83333c#中可高效的将excel数据导入到sqlserver数据库中,很多人通过循环来拼接sql，这样做不但容易出错而且效率低下，最好的办法是使用bcp，也就是System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy 类来实现。不但速度快，而且代码简单，下面测试代码导入一个6万多条数据的sheet，包括读取（全部读取比较慢）在我的开发环境中只需要10秒左右，而真正的导入过程只需要4.5秒。
2.代码如下：
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data.OleDb;
namespace WindowsApplication2
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}

private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//测试，将excel中的sheet1导入到sqlserver中
string connString = "server=localhost;uid=sa;pwd=sqlgis;database=master";
System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog fd = new OpenFileDialog();
if (fd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
{
TransferData(fd.FileName, "sheet1", connString);
}
}

public void TransferData(string excelFile, string sheetName, string connectionString)
{
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
try
{
//获取全部数据
string strConn = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" + "Data Source=" + excelFile + ";" + "Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;";
OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(strConn);
conn.Open();
string strExcel = "";
OleDbDataAdapter myCommand = null;
strExcel = string.Format("select * from [{0}$]", sheetName);
myCommand = new OleDbDataAdapter(strExcel, strConn);
myCommand.Fill(ds, sheetName);

//如果目标表不存在则创建
string strSql = string.Format("if object_id('{0}') is null create table {0}(", sheetName);
foreach (System.Data.DataColumn c in ds.Tables[0].Columns)
{
strSql += string.Format("[{0}] varchar(255),", c.ColumnName);
}
strSql = strSql.Trim(',') + ")";

using (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection sqlconn = new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection(connectionString))
{
sqlconn.Open();
System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand command = sqlconn.CreateCommand();
command.CommandText = strSql;
command.ExecuteNonQuery();
sqlconn.Close();
}
//用bcp导入数据
using (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy bcp = new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy(connectionString))
{
bcp.SqlRowsCopied += new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlRowsCopiedEventHandler(bcp_SqlRowsCopied);
bcp.BatchSize = 100;//每次传输的行数
bcp.NotifyAfter = 100;//进度提示的行数
bcp.DestinationTableName = sheetName;//目标表
bcp.WriteToServer(ds.Tables[0]);
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
}
}

//进度显示
void bcp_SqlRowsCopied(object sender, System.Data.SqlClient.SqlRowsCopiedEventArgs e)
{
this.Text = e.RowsCopied.ToString();
this.Update();
}
}
}
3.上面的TransferData基本可以直接使用，如果要考虑周全的话，可以用oledb来获取excel的表结构，并且加入ColumnMappings来设置对照字段，这样效果就完全可以做到和sqlserver的dts相同的效果了。

/// <summary>
/// 从Excel读取数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filePath">路径</param>
/// <returns>DataSet</returns>
public DataSet ImportFromExcel(string filePath)
{
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
string connString = "Provider = Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0 ; Data Source = " + filePath + ";Extended Properties=\"Excel 8.0;HDR=Yes;IMEX=1\"";
DataTable table = OleDbHelper.GetExcelTables(connString);
if(table == null || table.Rows.Count <= 0)
{
return null;
}

foreach(DataRow dr in table.Rows)
{
string cmdText = "select * from [" + dr["TABLE_NAME"].ToString() + "]";
DataTable dt = OleDbHelper.FillDataTable(connString, cmdText);
dt.TableName = dr["TABLE_NAME"].ToString();
ds.Tables.Add(dt);
}

return ds;
}

接下来只要把DataSet写入数e69da5e6ba90e79fa5e98193361据库
Excel.Application app = new Excel.Application();
app.Visible = true;
try
{
object obj = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
Excel.Workbooks wb = app.Workbooks;
Excel._Workbook iwk = wb.Add(obj);
Excel._Worksheet sheet = (Excel._Worksheet)(iwk.ActiveSheet);

app.Caption = "Excle的标题";

//添加列
for (int i = 0; i < this.dataGridView的控件名e79fa5e98193e58685e5aeb9337.Columns.Count; i++)
{
sheet.Cells[1, i + 1] = this.dataGridView的控件名.Columns[i].HeaderText;
}

//添加行
for (int i = 0; i < this.dataGridView的控件名.Rows.Count; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < dataGridView的控件名.Columns.Count; j++)
{
sheet.Cells[i + 2, j + 1] = this.dataGridView的控件名.Rows[i].Cells[j].Value.ToString();
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw ex;
}
}
用法：先把Excle.dll 复制在你的项目的bin\Debug文件下：在右击工具箱->选择项(I)... -> 显示"选择工具箱项" -> COM组件 -> 选择Excle就可以了

给你个笨办法。 你连接到那个Excel 文件 然后得到 DataTable 然后循环写入，下e799bee5baa6e997aee7ad94e59b9ee7ad94366面是一个简陋的Excel的连接代码：
class excelcon
{
public OleDbConnection conn(string FileName)
{
OleDbConnection excon = new OleDbConnection("Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source= " + @FileName + ";Extended Properties=\"Excel 8.0;HDR=NO;IMEX=1\" ");
return excon;
}
public DataTable ds(string FileName, string sql)
{
OleDbConnection con = conn(FileName);
con.Open();
OleDbDataAdapter rs = new OleDbDataAdapter(sql, con);
DataTable ds = new DataTable();
rs.Fill(ds);
con.Close();
return ds;
}
}
用的时候
excelcon conn = new excelcon();
DataTable ds = conn.ds(openFileDialog1.FileName.ToString(), "select * from [Sheet1$]");
数据库连接类 con= new 数据库连接类();
for(int i=0;i<ds.rows.count;i++){
string tel=ds.rows[i]["excel电话列的标题"].tostring();
string _name=ds.rows[i]["excel电话列的名字"].tostring();

con.你的方法("insert into 表 (字段1,字段2) values('"+tel+"','"+_name+"')");
}