返回目录：ppt怎么做
六大基本句型
1主系表句型----- be （连系动词do）
2、主谓宾----- do（vt）
3、主谓----- do(vi)----(不及物动词)
4、主谓宾补----do(vt)
5、主谓宾宾---do(vt) 记双宾语的动词一定要记。
6、There be (不及物动词do)--------be (不及物动词)
宾语从句定义：在主谓宾句型的宾语的位置上把做为名词的宾语扩展成一个be句型或者do句型。可以用下列公式进行表示：主语+谓语+从句。
宾语从句的连词① that , ②whether(or not)或if; ③which(whichever), who(whoever)，whom(whomever) ，whose(whosever)，what(whatever); ④when(whenever)，where(wherever)， why，how(however); ⑤ how many, how much, how long, how often，how soon
宾语从句的形式：
1、主谓宾句型的宾语从句: 做为名词的宾语扩展成一个be句型或者do句型。
He knows the news
He knows that the teacher is in classroom
2、主谓宾宾---do(vt) 句型的宾语从句，把直接宾语变为一个be或do句型。
He tells me the news
He tells the news to me
He tells me that she is a teacher
He tells that she is a teacher to me
3、主谓宾补句型的宾语从句需要it来做形式宾语
I find Chinese important
主 谓 宾 补
I find that we make a quick decision about this matterimportant
主 谓 宾语从句 补
I find it important that we make a quick decision about this matter
主 谓 形式宾语 补 宾语从句
I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .
我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.
I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.
我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.
I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.
我每天写日记成了习惯.
4、宾语从句的省略形式：
某些形容词后面可以带宾语从句，其形式为sb+be+形容词+that宾语从句：这一类形容词通常是表示人物的心理，情感等状态的形容词如：
sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised
a. I am glad (that) you helped me.
b、I am sure (that) you can pass the exam.
1、I am glad of your help.
2、I am sure about your exam.
分析：上面句子中介词后面所跟成分都做介词宾语。我们完全可以将他们换成that+陈述句:
3、 I am glad of that you helped me.
4、 I am sure about that you can pass the exam.
从语法上讲，以上的结构都是正确的。但是，由于这样表达过于啰嗦，所以我们可以将其简化，省去介词，由于它们是宾语从句，所以连同that也可以省掉，因此，这是一种省略形式的宾语从句。
表语从句
同样的道理，如果在主系表句型表语的位置上把表语变成一个be句型或者do句型，则称为表语从句。
① The question is difficult -------_the question is how we make money .
主语 系 表 主语 系 表语从句
②------------------------------------------- the question is that she is a thief
主语 系 表语从句
③--------------------------the question is that there is a thief in the room
主语 系 表语从句
④ 事实是因为每个人都要生活------ the fact is because everyone must live
小结：表语从句的引导词与宾语从句一样，规律与宾语从句一样，只不过称呼不同而已，因此掌握宾语从句以后，表语从句无需特别学习。但要注意以下几点：
1、不可以用if，而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外）。
False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.（错误）
Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.（正确）
2、that在表语从句中不可以省掉。
the question is that she is a thief
3、注意比较That is because...”句型与that is why….句型
“That is because...”与“That is why...”之间的不同在于“That is because...”指原因或理由，“That is why...”则指由于各种原因所造成的后果。例如：
1：He did not see the film last night.
That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework.
2、He had seen the film before.
That is why he did not see it last night.
(第一句话说明原因， 第二句话说明结果)
4、当主语是reason, fact，idea等抽象名词时，表语从句的连接词应该用that.
①The reason is that he didn’t go to school
②The traditional view is ____ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” tomake us do so.
A when B. why C. whetherD. that
③You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ____ I disagree.
A. whyB. where C. what D. how
主语从句
如果将主谓宾或主系表的主语扩展成为一个句子，称为主语从句：
① The question is difficult ----that she makes money is difficult
主语 系 表 主语从句 系 表
----- it is difficult that she makes money
形式主语 系 表 真正的主语
It= that she makes money 主语从句的结构：it is….that…..
②the cat is a fact ----- that there is a cat in the room is a fact
主语从句
it is a fact that there is a cat in the room
形式主语 系 表 真正主语
③he knows the news---- that he knows the news surprises me
It surprises me that he knows the news
小结：主语从句的引导词与宾语从句一样，规律与宾语从句一样，只不过称呼不同而已，因此掌握宾语从句以后，主语从句无需特别学习。但需要注意两点：
1,主语从句有形式主语it
2, 引导词if不能引导主语从句，只能用whether….(or not)
If 不能引导主语从句———他明天是否上学还不知道 if he will go to school is unclear (错误) it is unclear if he will go to school（错误）
Whether he will go to school is unclear It is unclear whether he will go to school (正确)
3、以下几点需要注意：It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。
而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如：
Itisa pitythat you didn’t go to see the film.
Itwas the football team and Ithat(who) helped the old man
4、(1) 主系表的主语从句形式 it +系+表+从句
It is a fact that … 事实是…
It is natural that… 很自然…
(2)主谓宾的主语从句形式：it+谓语（及物动词）+宾语+从句
（3）主谓的主语从句形式： it +谓语（不及物动词）＋从句
It seems that… 似乎…
It happened that… 碰巧…
(4)主谓宾宾的主语从句形式：it +谓语+宾语+宾语+从句
(5)主谓宾补的主语从句形式：it +谓语+宾语+补语+从句
在英语语法上，习惯上我们所称的名词性从句指的是宾语从句，主语从句和表语从句的统称。